Illinois Natural History Survey - University of Illinois

Juncus bufonius
Toad rush
Taxonomy

Synonyms: Juncus bufonius congestus

Subspecific taxa:

Classification:

Other taxonomic & nomenclature sources: USDA Plants;  ITIS;  The Plant List;  IPNI

Images

   
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Species Distribution
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More about map & occurrence records

County Map Legend
Absent:
Not known from county
Medium confidence:
Medium or unknown confidence;
often old records or unverifiable observations
Medium-high confidence:
Often observations by expert botanists
High confidence:
Often vouchered herbarium records
Planted / introduced:
Native species introduced outside historic range,
or only in planted locations within county (e.g., restorations)
Historic / extirpated:
Only historic records for the species; likely extirpated
(Note that this category is not yet functional)

North American distribution maps for this species: FLNA;  USDA Plants;  BONAP;  BISON

Collections, Observations & Flowering by Month [?]

J
0
F
0
M
0
A
0
M
0
J
0
J
0
A
0
S
0
O
0
N
0
D
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Collections & Observations by Decade [?]

Species Status

Status/Listing: No Information

Notes:

Origin: Native

Species Description

General: Monocot, annual

Roots: adventitious, fibrous

Shoots: alternate leaf arrangment; simple leaf type; entire leaf margin; Parallel leaf venation; awl-shaped leaf shape

Inflorescence: dichasium, other

Flowers: perfect; 3 merous; complete, regular; green, others; hypogynous ovary position

Fruit: capsule

Physiology: autotrophic

Reproduction: sexual

Ecology & Natural History

Habitat: Species is distributed in sandy and gravelly ground along major rivers; wastes on moist shady paths in open upland woods. Species is distributed in sandy and gravelly ground along major rivers; waste places on moist shady paths in open upland woods; along wet roadsides.

ILPIN Notes: The typical variety has flowers mostly separate along the inflorescence branches. This PIN entry is var. bufonis. This variety has at least the terminal flowers adjacent in small glomerules or fascicles of two to four flowers.

Functional Relationships:

  • Pollinators: wind
  • Dispersal:
  • Mycorrhizae: no
  • N2 fixation: Maybe

Human Relationships:

  • Edibility [?] :
  • Showy Flowers:

Wildlife and Livestock Information:

  • Food Value:
  • Cover Value:

Coefficient of Conservatism (C-value) [?] :

  • Entire State: 2
  • Chicago Area: 5

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